Criminal Law Reform

We are working to stop racially-biased policing and reform our criminal justice system so that law enforcement is accountable and transparent, fewer people are wrongfully arrested and incarcerated, and those who are incarcerated are treated with respect.

Collage featuring photos of a judge's gavel, prison bars, and a statue of Lady Justice holding scales.

Far too many North Carolinians have become ensnared in a legal system that criminalizes poverty, disproportionately targets and incarcerates people of color, and all too often lacks transparency and accountability.

When law enforcement officers do something wrong, they are rarely, if ever, held accountable. Racial bias, both explicit and implicit, has fueled widespread disparities in which Black and Latino residents are subjected to street stops, vehicle searches, marijuana arrests, and even the use of deadly force by police at an alarming rate.

The ACLU of North Carolina is working with communities across North Carolina to stop racially biased policing and dramatically shift our broken legal system so that law enforcement is accountable and transparent, fewer people are wrongfully arrested and incarcerated, and when someone does end up in jail or prison, they are treated with respect and given an opportunity to successfully return to their communities.

We are also working to end the death penalty and solitary confinement, reform the use of body cameras, empower community oversight of law enforcement, and uncover and combat excessive court fees that have created modern-day debtors prisons in which the poor receive harsher, longer punishments for committing the same crimes as the rich, simply because they are poor.

Ultimately, we are working toward a North Carolina where every person is treated fairly, where communities are empowered, and where justice is guaranteed for all.

The Latest

Press Release
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ACLU of North Carolina and Emancipate NC Challenge Ban on Gender-Affirming Care for Incarcerated People

Press Release
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ACLU of North Carolina Receives New Hanover County Records 24 Hours After Filing Suit

Issue Areas: Criminal Law Reform
Press Release
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ACLU of North Carolina Files Suit Against New Hanover County Clerk of Court for Withholding Public Records

After repeated public records requests, the New Hanover County Clerk of Court continues to withhold records related to individuals found incapable to proceed in violation of North Carolina’s Public Records Act.
Issue Areas: Criminal Law Reform
Press Release
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ACLU of North Carolina Files Lawsuit Against NC Prison Officials for Denying Medically Necessary Care

Issue Areas: Criminal Law Reform
Court Cases: Chambers v. Dismukes
Court Case
Apr 18, 2024

Disability Rights NC v. NC DHHS

The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) is violating the rights of disabled pre-trial detainees in NC jails by failing to ensure timely evaluations and treatment for people who lack capacity to understand the legal proceedings against them, according to a federal lawsuit.
Court Case
Mar 13, 2024

North Carolina v. Hasson Bacote

Court Case
Dec 21, 2022

Zayre-Brown v. North Carolina Department of Adult Correction (NC DAC)

The ACLU, ACLU of North Carolina, and Patterson Harkavy LLP have sued the NC prison system on behalf of Kanautica Zayre-Brown, a transgender woman incarcerated at Anson CI, for failing to provide her essential gender-affirming health care.
Court Case
Feb 09, 2026

Kwiatkowski v. Dismukes

The ACLU of North Carolina and Emancipate NC filed a lawsuit in February 2026 challenging a provision of House Bill 805 that functionally bans gender-affirming care for people who are incarcerated in North Carolina prisons or otherwise in the custody of the Department of Adult Corrections. The lawsuit argues that this ban violates the Eighth Amendment, which requires states to provide medically necessary care to individuals in their custody. Failure to provide this care constitutes cruel and unusual punishment. The lawsuit also includes a class action claim to seek relief for people who are currently incarcerated and may be harmed by the new law.